Why padding is required

Active Oldest Votes. Padding actually improves performance by keeping information at the borders. Check this image of inception module to understand better why padding is useful here. Improve this answer. Drag0 Drag0 6 6 silver badges 12 12 bronze badges. In image processing there are many different border modes used, such as various types of mirroring or continuing with the value at the edge.

In many cases within the standard deviation of repeated experiments. The paper does not test symmetric. However this paper does discuss some of the advantages of symmetric. Pytorch unfortunately not currently implement symmetric yet. So just train long enough and you're good? Just some of my understandings, I believe there are other good reasons.

Drag0 explained nicely but I agree, something is amiss. Jatin Jatin 1 1 gold badge 5 5 silver badges 10 10 bronze badges. Harry Harry 7 7 silver badges 12 12 bronze badges. I think in last case some kind of mirroring is better then zero padding. Saurabh Kumar Saurabh Kumar 1 1 bronze badge. Sign up or log in Sign up using Google. Sign up using Facebook.

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Control System. Data Mining. Data Warehouse. Javatpoint Services JavaTpoint offers too many high quality services. Let's first understand the structure padding in C through a simple scenario which is given below: Suppose we create a user-defined structure. What is the size of the struct student?

Structure Padding The processor does not read 1 byte at a time. It reads 1 word at a time. What does the 1 word mean? If the access is misaligned, the processor automatically issues sufficient memory read cycles and packs the data properly onto the data bus. The penalty is on performance. Where as few processors will not have last two address lines, which means there is no-way to access odd byte boundary. Every data access must be aligned 4 bytes properly. A misaligned access is critical exception on such processors.

If the exception is ignored, read data will be incorrect and hence the results. Is there any way to query alignment requirements of a data type.

Compilers provide non standard extensions for such needs. Read MSDN for details. When memory reading is efficient in reading 4 bytes at a time on 32 bit machine, why should a double type be aligned on 8 byte boundary?

Any floating point operation in the code will be translated into FPU instructions. The main processor is nothing to do with floating point execution. All this will be done behind the scenes. As per standard, double type will occupy 8 bytes. And, every floating point operation performed in FPU will be of 64 bit length. Even float types will be promoted to 64 bit prior to execution. The 64 bit length of FPU registers forces double type to be allocated on 8 byte boundary.

Hence, the address decoding will be different for double types which is expected to be on 8 byte boundary. It means, the address decoding circuits of floating point unit will not have last 3 pins. I yet to read relevant documentation. I will update once I got proper information written to few experts in hardware. The size depends on how memory banking organized at the hardware level.

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